Method for heading arrows



April 30, 1957 1.. w. ROPER 2,790,473

METHOD FOR HEADING ARROWS Filed Aug. 18, 1954 FIIEl 1 FIE- E 0'lIlIIIIIlIII/IIIIII FIE- a FIIEI 4 INVEN TOR. OWELL W. ROPER UnitedSttes This invention relates to a method of applying heads or ferrulesto wooden shafts and to apparatus for carrying out the improved methodin an efiicient and effective manner.

It is among the objects of the invention to provide an improved methodfor tipping or heading shafts of compressible material, such as woodenarrow shafts, which method comprises compressively and coaxiallyreducing the diameter of an end portion of such a shaft without theremoval of any material from the shaft, and applying a tip, head orferrule to the reduced end portion; and further comprises compressivelyreducing the end portion of a shaft of compressible material byinserting an end of the shaft into a rotating die or tool having a boreat least a portion of which has a diameter less than the diameter of theshaft; and which apparatus comprises a tool having a bore open at atleast one end and including a portion the diameter of which is less thanthe diameter of a shaft to be provided with a head or tip andsubstantially equal to the internal diameter of the shaft receivingportion of the head or tip, and mechanism for rigidly supporting thetool and rotating it rapidly coaxially of the bore thereof.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from a considerationof the following description and the appended claims in conjunction withthe accompanying drawing wherein:

Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic elevational view showing the methodof reducing an end portion of a shaft, such as an arrow shaft, toreceive a tip or head, and suitable apparatus for carrying out themethod;

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale of a die or toolby means of which the method may be expeditiously carried out, and istaken substantially on a plane indicated by the line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevational view of a shaft, such as an arrowshaft, having an end portion thereof reduced by the method of thepresent invention; and

Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevational view of a shaft having a reducedend portion and a hollow tip applied to the reduced end portion of theshaft with the tip shown in longitudinal medial cross section.

With continued reference to the drawing, the numeral indicates anelongated shaft of compressible material, such as a wooden arrow shaftto which it is desired to apply a head or tip.

While a wooden arrow shaft has been illustrated for the purpose ofdisclosing the invention, it is to be understood that the method may beapplied to other shafts such as wooden pencil stocks, to which it isdesired to apply eraser holding ferrules, and that the method can beused with equal facility regardless of whether the shafts are circularor polygonal in cross section.

The numeral 12 indicates a die or tool which is shown as of elongatedcylindrical shape, having a coaxial bore 13 open at one end and closedat the opposite end of the cylindrical body 12. The bore 13 islongitudinally divided into two parts 14 and 15, shown in the drawingatent ice iz as of substantially equalv length-,zseparated' by;aniinternal, beveled shoulder 16. The portion "l4 of--;the; bore betweenthei'open endof the body 12 "and the' internal "shoulder .16; issomewhat largerthanthe portion-15 between the internal shoulder 16andthewclosed'end of :'the portion:14 of theslbore is':madeslightly-larger than the"diameterfof-gthe'.shaftsgto be prepared forreceiving heads? or :tips and thei diameter :ofjthe portion 15 is; :sub-

' "stantially; the same as the-diameter ofthe shaftr ecfeivingportion'of the. arrowheads o'r tips-,aandthe' open end of v the body is.annularly"beveled,--as indicated at 18 to :;facilitate the insert'ion'of the arrow '-'shaft's into the bore ofrthetool. .1.

A shank 20 of reduced diameter extends longitudinally from the closedend of hollow body and coaxially of the bore 13 and this shank isreceived in a chuck 21 mounted on one end of the shaft of an electricmotor 22 rigidly mounted on a table or bench 24.

While a small electric motor has been found to provide an entirelysatisfactory device for supporting and turning the tool 12, otherequivalent apparatus, such as a lathe head stock, may be used for thispurpose without exceeding the scope of the invention.

In carrying out the method, with the tool 12 rapidly rotated by themotor 22 about the axis of the bore 13, a shaft is held with one endadjacent the open end of the tool 12 and with its longitudinal centerline substantially coincident with the rotational axis of the tool 12.The shaft is then moved longitudinally until the end thereof nearest thetool is received in the larger portion 14 of the tool bore 12 andbrought to bear against the annular internal shoulder 16. As theshoulder 16 is uniformly beveled it centers the end of the shaftrelative to the axis of the bore 13. The shaft 10 is then held firmlyagainst rotation and the end thereof within the bore is gradually forcedinto the smaller portion 15 of the bore until its end engages the closedend of the bore.

As the end of the shaft is forced into the smaller portion of the borethis end portion of the wooden shaft is compressively reduced indiameter without removing any material therefrom. The reduced endportion 25 is thus as strong structurally as any other portion of theshaft and, as the tool is made of a hard and rigid material and is givena smooth internal finish, the reduced end portion of the shaft is smoothas well as strong and coaxial of the remainder of the shaft.

After an end portion of a shaft has been reduced in the manner indicatedabove, a head or tip 26 may be applied to the shaft by forcing thereduced end portion of the shaft into the hollow tip or into the socketportion of an arrow head first, if desired, applying a coating ofadhesive material to the reduced end portion of the shaft. Preferably,but not necessarily, the difference in radius between the reduced andunreduced portions of the shaft is substantially the same as the wallthickness of the hollow tip or of the socket portion of an arrow head sothat a continuous, smooth outer surface is provided for the tip or headsocket and the portion of the shaft adjacent thereto.

Arrows produced by the above described method and apparatus have thehead or tip receiving portions of the shafts of such strength that theshafts are not readily broken, even when the arrows are shot againsthard or solid objects and an important economy is obtained in the use ofthe arrows aswell as improved economy and increased facility in theirmanufacture.

The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departingfrom the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The presentembodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrativeand not re t a 3 strictive, the scope of the invention being indicatedby the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and allchanges which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of theclaims are therefore intended to be'embraced therein.

'What is claimed is:

1. The method of providing heads on shafts of compressible materialwhich comprises compressively and coaxially reducing the diameter of theend portion of a shaft without the removal of material therefrom byprogressively forcing an end of the shaft into a bore of smallerdiameter than the shaft while relatively rotating the bore and theshaft, and inserting the reduced shaft end portion into the shaftreceiving portion of a head.

2. The method of preparing a shaft of compressible material to receive atip and providing a tip thereon which comprises compressively andannularly reducing an end portion of the'shaft coaxially thereof andwithout the removal of material therefrom and providing an 4- annularshoulder at the proximal end of the reduced portion by forcing an end ofa shaft into the bore of a hollow rotating tool having a bore of lessdiameter than the shaft while supporting the shaft against rotation withits longitudinal center line substantially coincident with the axis ofrotation of the tool, and then removing the reduced end portion of theshaft from the tool and inserting it into a hollow tip having aninternal diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the bore of thetool.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS638,477 Scheid Dec. 5, 1899 917,432 Hofheimer Apr. 6, 1909 1,416,677Batie May 23, 1922 2,182,951 Sweetland Dec. 12, 1939 2,263,198 ValitonNov. 18, 1941 2,499,044 Wagg Feb. 28, 1950

